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TPD Insurance Matter Referred Back to the District Court After an Appeal

Case Overview
  • Mr Ali was insured under home and contents insurance, and he had suffered a break-in on 9 October 2013.
  • He made a claim on his home and contents insurance which was denied on 20 May 2014.
  • Ali’s appeal arguing his matter was not bought out of time was upheld and the matter was referred back to the District Court.

On 8 September 2022 the Court of Appeal handed down a unanimous decision regarding Limitations in Insurance Contacts: Ali v Insurance Australia Limited [2022] NSWCA 174. This case particularly considered a previous case on Limitations: Globe Church Incorporated v Allianz Australia Insurance Ltd [2019] NSWCA 27.

  1. Background

Under the Limitations Act 1969 (NSW), matters generally have a limitation period of 6-years (at s14), and insurance contract matters mostly fall under that general 6-year period.

In the Globe Church there was a question as to when limitation would accrue. That case involved an insurance contract for property damage and the question there was whether limitations accrued from when the damage occurred (that would have been outside 6-years) or when the insurer declined to pay (within 6-years).

By a narrow margin of 3:2 the majority of Bathurst CJ, Beazley P, and Ward JA (as they each then were) decided that limitations accrued from when the damage occurred (from the event) and NOT from when the insurer ostensibly breached by declining to pay. Meagher and Leeming JJA dissented.

  1. Ali v Insurance Australia Limited

In Ali, Mr. Ali was insured under home and contents insurance, and he had suffered a break-in on 9 October 2013, and he made a claim on his home and contents insurance which was denied on 20 May 2014. Proceedings were commenced 16 October 2019 and the insurer argued the limitations accrued from 9 October 2013 and accordingly the matter would be statute barred. The primary judge agreed with the insurer.

“Mr. Ali appealed arguing his matter was not bought out of time, and that the cause of action should not accrue from the break in, and he also sought to challenge the correctness of Globe Church.”


Matthew Lo
Our Approach

The Court – Ward P, Leeming and Mitchelmore JJA (two of these three judges were in Globe Church) – unanimously determined that the terms of this insurance policy was sufficiently different from those considered in Globe Church, and they proceeded to have:

  1. Globe Church upheld;
  2. Ali distinguished from Globe Church;
  3. the appeal of Ali upheld; and
  4. the matter was referred back to the District Court.

The distinction that the Court noted was:

  • The policy in Ali did not specify when the insurer was liable (from the event or at decline); and
  • The insurer’s PDS describes that the obligation to pay only arises when a claim is accepted or declined.

This Appellate decision would seem to answer the question of when limitations would accrue in an insurance matter, and that it would be dependent on the exact wording of the insurance policy.

For TPD insurance matters, many of them have terms to the effect of “in the opinion of the insurer” which would seem to be more in-line with the wording used in Ali, and thus limitations are likely accrue at the decline of the claim.

Should require advice regarding your TPD insurance claim please speak to one of our expert solicitors at Gerard Malouf & Partners Compensation Lawyers on 1800 004 878 for a free, no obligation consultation.

The Result

This decision also re-emphasizes that the exact wording of an insurance policy (including TPD insurance policy) is of the utmost significance in determining viability of a claim.

Frequently Asked Questions

More Information

If you have suffered an injury at work, or while making your commute to or from work, you’re entitled to workers compensation. This may seem like stating the obvious, but there are members of the public who are completely unaware of what accident compensation they are entitled to if anything were to ever happen. If you can’t perform the daily tasks that your job requires, you may be able to claim a Total & Permanent Disability (TPD) benefit.

You can purchase TPD insurance as a standalone product from insurers, although there’s a chance you may already be receiving total or partial coverage under other policies.

  • A superannuation policy
  • Life insurance
  • Income protection cover
  • Mortgage protection or loan protection insurance
  • Employment disability and/or trauma cover
  • Sickness or accident policies
Some of the problems that police officers face include car accident injuries, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and musculoskeletal disorders. Read more to know whether or not these would be eligible for a TPD payout.
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